Xinhua (December 12) reported that after its 26th 'collective study session' on December 11, the Politburo meeting chaired by Chinese President Xi Jinping, decided on a series of ten measures to tighten security. These are:

i) Accepting the Party’s absolute leadership over national security work;

ii) Developing an expansive security concept covering regime security, national interests, and economic security;

iii) Prioritising political security (aka the Party’s rule) as a top-level concern;

iv) Mobilising the public to help promote national security;

v) Placing equal emphasis on development and security;

vi) Ensuring both traditional and non-traditional security;

vii) Improving the state’s capacity for defusing national security risks;

viii) Advancing international cooperation on common security concerns;

ix) Harnessing technology to boost national security capabilities; and

x) Building a loyal and capable national security enforcement apparatus